Ethyl acetate (chemical formula: C₄H₈O₂) is an organic compound that belongs to the ester family. It is produced by the reaction between ethanol (a type of alcohol) and acetic acid. Ethyl acetate is a colorless liquid with a fruity odor and is widely used as a solvent in various industrial, commercial, and consumer applications.
Properties:
- Molecular Formula: C₄H₈O₂ (CH₃COOCH₂CH₃)
- IUPAC Name: Ethyl ethanoate
- Molar Mass: 88.11 g/mol
- Boiling Point: 77.1°C (170.8°F)
- Melting Point: -83.6°C (-118.5°F)
- Density: 0.902 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, but highly soluble in alcohol, acetone, and other organic solvents.
Key Uses of Ethyl Acetate:
Solvent in Paints and Coatings:
Ethyl acetate is widely used in paint thinners, lacquers, and coatings. It helps dissolve pigments, resins, and other materials and accelerates drying time.
In Nail Polish Removers:
Due to its effective dissolving properties, ethyl acetate is commonly found in nail polish removers, where it helps remove nail polish quickly and effectively.
In Food and Beverage Industry:
Ethyl acetate is used as a flavoring agent and extracting solvent in food products. It is used to extract certain compounds (such as essential oils) from natural sources, especially in the production of fruit flavorings and confectioneries.
The U.S. FDA has recognized it as safe for use in food at low concentrations.
Pharmaceuticals
It is used as a solvent in the production of various pharmaceuticals, including liquid medicines, oral solutions, and topical treatments.
In Cleaning and Degreasing Products:
Ethyl acetate is employed in industrial cleaners for its ability to break down grease, oil, and residues from machinery, tools, and equipment.
In Printing Inks:
Similar to butyl acetate, ethyl acetate is also used in printing inks, particularly in flexographic printing, to dissolve and suspend pigments and resins.
In Adhesives:
Ethyl acetate is used as a solvent in adhesive formulations, helping to improve adhesion in the automotive, construction, and packaging industries.
Solvent in Chemical Synthesis:
In addition to its uses in consumer products, ethyl acetate is also employed as a solvent in the manufacture of other chemicals, such as pharmaceutical intermediates and plastics.